A Cyber Security System refers to the collection of technologies, processes, and controls designed to protect networks, computers, programs, and data from attack, damage, or unauthorized access. In an increasingly digital world, these systems are critical for individuals, businesses, and governments alike to maintain privacy, integrity, and accessibility of information.

Network Security:
Firewalls: Act as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks (like the internet), controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic.
Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDPS): Monitor network traffic for suspicious activity and can either alert administrators (IDS) or automatically block the activity (IPS).
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Create a secure, encrypted connection over a less secure network, often used for remote access.
Endpoint Security:
Antivirus/Anti-malware Software: Detects, prevents, and removes malicious software from individual devices (endpoints) like computers, laptops, and mobile phones.
Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR): Continuously monitors endpoint activities for suspicious behavior, allowing for quick detection and remediation of threats.
Application Security:
Secure Coding Practices: Developing software with security in mind from the beginning to prevent vulnerabilities.
Web Application Firewalls (WAFs): Protect web applications from common web-based attacks like SQL injection and cross-site scripting.

Data Security:
Encryption: Converting data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access. This applies to data at rest (stored) and data in transit (being transmitted).
Data Loss Prevention (DLP): Tools and processes designed to ensure that sensitive data is not lost, misused, or accessed by unauthorized users.
Identity and Access Management (IAM):
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Requires users to provide two or more verification factors to gain access to a resource, adding an extra layer of security beyond just a password.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Restricts network access based on a user's role within an organization, ensuring users only have access to the information and systems necessary for their job.